What is it? Psoriasis is a non -infectious skin disease, so it is impossible to be infected. It affects not only the skin, but also has a negative effect throughout the body as a whole. It is characterized by a chronic course with periods of exacerbations and remissions.
The disease is caused by the immune cells of your own body, that is, it is an autoimmune disease. Climbing from the depths of the skin to the upper layers, these cells cause inflammation, excessive division of the epidermis cells, leading to excessive growth, the appearance of new small capillaries.
Externally, it looks like the form of red or red spots - psoriatic plaques.
The first signs and symptoms of psoriasis
Like psoriasis - a systemic disease that affects all body systems - the patient suffers from general weakness, fast fatigue.
The main symptom of the early stage of psoriasis is eruptions and psoriatic plaques, however, accompanies a person with the additional development of the disease.
They arise due to the not controlled division of accelerated cells located in the upper layer of the beratinocytes of the skin. The cells involved are formed and the skin in these thickened areas, acquires red due to the improved formation of new capillaries. This leads to a small drip bleeding for any lesion, even lightweight, in plates.
The surface of the plates is often covered with a gray attack, similar to paraffin. Even the term "Paraffin Lakes" was formed. This plate consists of dead epithelium cells that accumulate on the surface of the plates due to the impaired rejection process.
The spots can reach very large sizes, merge with each other. They are hot to the touch, usually accompanied by severe itching. Combs can lead to infection.
Over time, nails begin to change. Its surface becomes cut, the wells appear, pink spots are noticeable under the nail plate - the fluid accumulation, the nail turns yellow, thickens, takes the form of poultry claws. All of this occurs due to a violation of nail nutrition and blood circulation.
The nail bed is subjected to excessive deterioration, which leads to nail rejection and loss. Often there is a red inflamed edge around the nails.
Small joints are affected by disease and small joints - this is accompanied by pain and inflammation.
In addition to the plates, with psoriasis, the papules form on the skin - small (about 1 mm) of salient formation similar to a rash. Often located in elbows and knees, preserved even during the period of remission.
During improvement, the plates begin to light the middle, acquire the shape of the rings and may disappear completely. The pigmented areas remain in their place.
Psoriasis on the scalp has the same symptoms as the body. In this case, the hair structure does not change. Cutaneous rashes also cover the adjacent areas of the skin - behind the ears around the neck.
Types of psoriasis
According to protesting symptoms, the disease is divided into two types: pustular and not pustular. There are several varieties of the disease within these groups.
Forms of psoriasis pustular:
- widespread;
- mainly impressing members;
- Ladomary;
- impetigo.
Not pustula psoriasis:
- Common (chronic psoriasis);
- Eryro-Demo.
In addition, the following types of disease are distinguished:
- psoriasis of skin folds and flexion surfaces;
- medicine.
Forms by gravity:
- Light (affected by less than 3 % of the body surface);
- average (affected up to 10 % of the body surface);
- Heavy (over 10 % of surfaces are affected).
Depending on the form of rash, these types of psoriasis are distinguished:
- point;
- Haggard;
- monetary.
Stages of psoriasis development, symptoms
The first plates appear in areas with dry skin and never happen where the skin is very wet, for example, armpits. First, the appearance of spots can be seen inside the elbows, under the knees, along the edge of the hair on the head, as well as in places subjected to any injury or friction. The location is usually symmetrical.
Make such steps during the disease:
- Progressive (the formation of new points, the growth of existing, itching and noticeable peeling);
- Stationary (deceleration or suspension of plates growth, the absence of newly applied points);
- Regression (declaration or lack of peeling, disappearance of blemishes and plates with the appearance of pigmented skin areas instead, psoriasis signs are almost absent).
There are no special tests to establish a diagnosis. The diagnosis is made based on external characteristics. One of these signs will be the occurrence of bleeding when the plates come into contact, the bloody dew and the same.
Another specific sign of psoriasis will be the presence of a pale edge around a young book, not yet covered with scales. This is what the vascular reaction of the skin seems, which means the progression of the disease.
In serious forms of the disease, a blood picture can change. The signs of the inflammatory process fluid appear. In some cases, you need to make a biopsy to exclude other skin diseases and confirm the presence of psoriasis.
Effective treatment of psoriasis
In the treatment of psoriasis, local and internal remedies, physiotherapy and SPA treatment are used.
In the light course of the disease, medication in the form of ointments are used. First, simple composition ointments and creams are used and then go to ointments containing hormones. Psoriasis cream should be applied only to plates and stains.
Psoriasis ointment: an overview of hormonal and non -Hormonal agents
With the middle and severe course of the disease, internal products that affect the entire body are used, but provide the best results. This group includes vitamin A, immunosuppressants, cytostatic.
Physiotherapists bring tangible relief to patients with psoriasis, may inhibit disease development and sometimes replace the use of some medications.
UV irradiation (phototherapy), laser, ultrasound and magnetotherapy, hyperthermia, electrons, electrophoresis and electrophoresis are used.
Psoriasis is able to obtain resistance to treatment used over time; Therefore, it is recommended to change methods (treatment rotation) from time to time.
Diet with psoriasis
Nutrition should help adjust metabolism and prevent the appearance or exacerbation of skin symptoms. Since almost all patients have a violation of lipid metabolism, the preference should be given to low fat products.
Special fire diets and other people gained fame.
By compiling a diet, you need to try to comply with some simple rules:
- Rejection of alcoholic beverages;
- Food up to 6 times a day, little by little;
- Exclude fried and smoked foods from the diet;
- Reduce salt content in food;
- If possible, do not use products with the content of dyes, stabilizers and other nutritional supplements;
- Exclude citrus fruits;
- Increase the participation of vegetables and cereals in the diet;
- Mandatory use of vegetable oils.
Compliance with these simple rules will help to avoid exacerbation of psoriasis and compose independently a therapeutic diet.